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% Copyright (C) 2018 TANSORIER.
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% Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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% under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
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% or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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% with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
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% A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
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% Free Documentation License".
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% https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.html
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% compress option to have horyzontal circle
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\documentclass[compress]{beamer}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% Thèmes suppélmentaires
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\useoutertheme[]{miniframes} % barre menu du haut
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\setbeamertemplate{frametitle}[default] % replace le titre à la bonne place
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\useinnertheme{rounded} % arrondi les angles
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\setbeamertemplate{footline}[text line]{
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\textcolor{gray}{%
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\parbox{\linewidth}{\vspace*{-8pt}Smile ECS\hfill\insertshortauthor\hfill\insertpagenumber/\inserttotalframenumber}}
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}
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\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty
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% Language
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\usepackage[french]{babel}
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\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
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% Display Table Of Content spécific for smilebeamer
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% Force to get empty
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\AtBeginSection[]{}
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\AtBeginSubsection[]{}
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%{
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% \begin{frame}<beamer>
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% \frametitle{Plan}
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% \tableofcontents[currentsection]
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% \end{frame}
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%}
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% Change color of definiton block
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\AtBeginEnvironment{definition}{%
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\setbeamercolor{block title}{use=example text,fg=example text.fg,bg=example text.fg!20!bg}
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\setbeamercolor{block body}{parent=normal text,use=block title,bg=block title.bg!50!bg}
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}
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% caption size reduce
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\usepackage{caption}
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\setbeamerfont{caption}{size=\scriptsize}
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% code coloration
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\usepackage{listings}
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% L'option "[fragile]" doit être rajouté au frame pour pouvoir utiliser correctement
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% la police verbatim
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\usepackage{color}
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\lstset{
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breaklines=true,
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tabsize=4,
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backgroundcolor=\color[RGB]{49,54,59},
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basicstyle=\footnotesize\ttfamily\color{white},
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commentstyle=\itshape\color[RGB]{0,136,136},
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morecomment=[l]{\#},
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morekeywords={*,\$,\{,\}},
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stringstyle=\itshape\color[RGB]{218,116,0},
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showstringspaces=false,
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frame=LTBR,
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}
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\lstdefinestyle{shell}{
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basicstyle=\fontsize{7pt}{7pt}\ttfamily\color{white},
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language=bash,
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keywords={\$},
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keywordstyle=\bfseries\color[RGB]{66,198,66},
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literate=
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{├}{{\smash{\raisebox{-1ex}{\rule{1pt}{\baselineskip}}}\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{1ex}{1pt}}}}1
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{─}{{\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{1.5ex}{1pt}}}}1
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{│}{{\smash{\raisebox{-1ex}{\rule{1pt}{\baselineskip}}}\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{1ex}{0pt}}}}1
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{└}{{\smash{\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{1pt}{\dimexpr\baselineskip-1.5ex}}}\raisebox{0.5ex}{\rule{1ex}{1pt}}}}1
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}
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\lstdefinestyle{bitbake}{
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language=bash,
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alsoletter=-,
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morekeywords={\$,\{,\}},
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morekeywords={BBFILES,BBFILE_COLLECTIONS,BBFILE_PATTERN_meetup,BBFILE_PRIORITY_meetup,%
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BBLAYERS,MACHINE,DISTRO,LAYERDEPENDS_meta-python,DISTRO_FEATURES_remove,%
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DISTRO_FEATURES_append,VIRTUAL-RUNTIME_init_manager,require,DISTRO_NAME,%
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DISTRO_VERSION,DISTRO_FEATURES_DEFAULT,DISTRO_FEATURES_LIBC,PACKAGE_CLASSES,%
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POKY_DEFAULT_DISTRO_FEATURES,DISTRO_FEATURES,IMAGE_FEATURES,IMAGE_INSTALL,BBPATH},
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keywordstyle=\bfseries\color[RGB]{152,251,152},
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}
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% pour les schemas
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\usepackage{tikz}
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\usepackage{tikz}
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% Pour utiliser des colonnes
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\usepackage{multicol}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\title[Yocto]{Yocto - \texttt{devtool} - et autres… \\ \textbf{Comment développer efficacement sous avec Yocto}}
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\author[Mickaël Tansorier]{Mickaël Tansorier}
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\date[Mars 2018]{Présentation des outils et commandes pratique pour travailler sous Yocto}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{document}
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%\tableofcontents[subsectionstyle=hide]
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% *******************************
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% **** PAGE DE GARDE ****
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% *******************************
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\begin{frame}
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\titlepage
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\end{frame}
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% *******************************
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% **** INTRODUCTION ****
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% *******************************
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\begin{frame}
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\underline{Objectif de la présentation}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Présenter rapidement Yocto
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\item Présenter des outils utiles
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \texttt{devtool}
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\item \texttt{opkg}
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\item \texttt{…}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{Plan}
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\tableofcontents[hideallsubsections]
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\end{frame}
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% *******************************
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% **** PRÉSENTATION ****
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% *******************************
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\section{Présentation rapide de Yocto}
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\begin{frame}{Présentation de Yocto}
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\tableofcontents[currentsection,hideallsubsections]
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{Présentation de Yocto}
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{logos/yocto-project-transp.png}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{D'où vient ce nom ?}
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\begin{definition}
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Yocto est un préfixe représentant 10\textsuperscript{-24} unités (SI)
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\end{definition}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{block}{Qu'est ce qu'est vraiment Yocto ?}
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Yocto est un outil qui répond au besoin de générer une distribution
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\textbf{Linux embarqué} pour un matériel \textbf{dédié}.
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\end{block}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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Yocto utilise le principe de \texttt{MACHINE} et de \texttt{DISTRO} qui sent à la différenciation de l’\textbf{architecture matérielle} de l’\textbf{application logicielle} de la cible
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \texttt{MACHINE} : définit l’architecture matérielle
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\item \texttt{DISTRO} : définit la distribution à générer
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\end{itemize}
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Il dispose de plusieurs outils très pratique pour le développement:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \texttt{devtool}
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\item \texttt{ipk}/\texttt{opkg}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\tikzstyle{recette} = [draw, fill=orange!70, rectangle, minimum height=2.5em, minimum width=10em,rounded corners=5pt]
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\tikzstyle{cadre} = [rectangle, draw, minimum height=12em, minimum width=8.5em, fill=orange!70]
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=1.2cm]
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% Yocto
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\node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=8cm, minimum width=10cm, fill=orange!70, label={[anchor=north]north:Yocto}] (YOCTO) {};
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% Bitbake
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\node[draw,rectangle, minimum height=2.5em, minimum width=8cm,rounded corners=5pt, fill=blue!40, yshift=2.8cm] (bitbake) {BITBAKE};
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% Layers
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\node[draw,rectangle, minimum height=2.5cm, minimum width=3cm,rounded corners=5pt, fill=green!70!black!70, yshift=0.7cm, xshift=-2cm, label={[anchor=north]north:LAYER A}] (layer-A) {};
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\node[draw,rectangle, right of=layer-A, minimum height=2.5cm, minimum width=3cm,rounded corners=5pt, fill=green!70!black!70, xshift=2.6cm, label={[anchor=north]north:LAYER B}] (layer-B) {};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=layer-A, minimum height=2.5cm, minimum width=3cm,rounded corners=5pt, fill=green!70!black!70, yshift=-1.8cm, label={[anchor=north]north:LAYER C}] (layer-C) {};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=layer-B, minimum height=2.5cm, minimum width=3cm,rounded corners=5pt, fill=green!70!black!70, yshift=-1.8cm, label={[anchor=north]north:LAYER D}] (layer-D) {};
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% Recettes
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=layer-A, fill=red!80!black!70, xshift=0cm, yshift=1.6cm] (rectte-A1) {RECETTE A1};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-A1, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-A2) {RECETTE A2};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-A2, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-A3) {RECETTE A3};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=layer-B, fill=red!80!black!70, xshift=0cm, yshift=1.6cm] (rectte-B1) {RECETTE B1};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-B1, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-B2) {RECETTE B2};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-B2, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-B3) {RECETTE B3};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=layer-C, fill=red!80!black!70, xshift=0cm, yshift=1.6cm] (rectte-C1) {RECETTE C1};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-C1, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-C2) {RECETTE C2};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-C2, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-C3) {RECETTE C3};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=layer-D, fill=red!80!black!70, xshift=0cm, yshift=1.6cm] (rectte-D1) {RECETTE D1};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-D1, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-D2) {RECETTE D2};
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\node[draw,rectangle, below of=rectte-D2, fill=red!80!black!70, yshift=0.6cm] (rectte-D3) {RECETTE D3};
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%
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% **** LE COEUR ****
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%
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\subsection{Le coeur}
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{center}
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\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Avant de passer aux recettes, qui fait le travail dans Yocto ?}}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{bitbake}
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\begin{block}{bitbake c'est quoi ?}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Un moteur d'exécution de tâches écrite en Python
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\item Fonctionne en ligne de commande
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\item Exécute automatiquement les tâches nécessaires à la fabrication de la cible fournie
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\end{itemize}
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\end{block}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{bitbake}
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\tikzstyle{block} = [draw, fill=orange!70, rectangle, minimum height=2.5em, minimum width=10em,rounded corners=5pt]
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\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth]
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=1.2cm]
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\node [block, fill=green!60!black!50] (read) {LECTURE RECETTE};
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\node [block, below of=read] (fetch) {FETCH};
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\node [block, below of=fetch] (unpack) {UNPACK};
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\node [block, below of=unpack] (patch) {PATCH};
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\node [block, below of=patch] (configure) {CONFIGURE};
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\node [block, right of=configure, xshift=3cm] (compile) {COMPILE};
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\node [block, above of=compile] (install) {INSTALL};
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\node [block, above of=install] (package) {PACKAGE};
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\node [block, above of=package, fill=green!60!black!50] (rootfs) {ROOFS};
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\draw[arrow] (read) -- (fetch);
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\draw[arrow] (fetch) -- (unpack);
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\draw[arrow] (unpack) -- (patch);
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\draw[arrow] (patch) -- (configure);
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\draw[arrow] (configure) -- (compile);
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\draw[arrow] (compile) -- (install);
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\draw[arrow] (install) -- (package);
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\draw[arrow] (package) -- (rootfs);
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
|
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|
\textcolor{gray}{\tiny{Pour avoir les vrais étapes d'une recette: \texttt{bitbake <recette> -c listtasks}}}
|
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\end{frame}
|
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|
\subsection{recette}
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|
\begin{frame}{recette}
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|
|
\begin{block}{À quoi ça ressemble une recette ?}
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|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{images/recette-yocto.png}
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\end{block}
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\end{frame}
|
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|
% *******************************
|
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|
|
% **** OUTILS DEVTOOL ****
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% *******************************
|
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|
|
|
\section{\texttt{devtool}}
|
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|
\begin{frame}{\texttt{devtool}}
|
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|
\tableofcontents[currentsection,hideallsubsections]
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|
\end{frame}
|
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|
\begin{frame}{\texttt{devtool}}
|
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|
\begin{center}
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|
\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Exemple de l'utilisation de l'outil \texttt{devtool}}}
|
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|
\end{center}
|
|
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|
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|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
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|
\subsection{Les commandes de base}
|
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|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
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|
|
\texttt{devtool} est un outils très utiles lorsque l'on souhaite créer, développer ou modifier une recette et ses sources.\newline
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
\newline
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
Les commandes de base:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{description}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item[\texttt{devtool add}] Ajoute un nouveau software à construire
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
\item[\texttt{devtool modify}] Génère un environnement pour modifier les sources d'une recette
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
\item[\texttt{devtool upgrade}] Met à jour une recette existante
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item[\texttt{devtool reset}] Arrête le contexte de développement
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
\end{description}
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
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|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
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|
|
Les sources peuvent provenir de plusieurs endroits différent
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{images/devtool-add-src.png}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
De même pour modifier une recette
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{images/devtool-modify-src.png}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Le comportement de \texttt{devtool}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dès lors \texttt{devtool} créer un layer spécial (\texttt{workspace}) qui prend la priorité maximal sur les autres layers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell,breaklines=false,xleftmargin=-16px,xrightmargin=-16px]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake-layers show-layers
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
layer path priority
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
=========================================================================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta /home/[...]/meta 5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta-poky /home/[...]/meta-poky 5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta-yocto-bsp /home/[...]/meta-yocto-bsp 5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
workspace /home/[...]/build/workspace 99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta-raspberrypi /home/[...]/build/../meta-raspberrypi 9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta-python /home/[...]/build/../meta-openembedded/meta-python 7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta-oe /home/[...]/build/../meta-openembedded/meta-oe 6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meta-meetup /home/[...]/build/../meta-meetup 10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dans ce layer on retrouve
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item les sources mis sous git et patché
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item un bbappend de la recette
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ cd $POKY/build/workspace/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ tree -L 2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── appends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
│ └── weston_2.0.0.bbappend
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── conf
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
│ └── layer.conf
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── README
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
└── sources
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
└── weston
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Exemple pratique}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Exemple pratique avec la recette \texttt{weston}}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Modification avec \texttt{devtool} des sources de weston
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ devtool modify weston
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ cd $POKY/build/workspace/sources/weston/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ vim libweston/compositor-wayland.c +1655
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ajout du patch "Fix an uninitialized variable"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% https://github.com/wayland-project/weston/commit/6b2fb180d99bb9d6deaddb1cdf735422d4dd5b93
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[escapeinside={<@}{@>}]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@@ -1652,6 +1652,7 @@ input_handle_axis(void *data, struct wl_pointer *pointer,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weston_event.axis = axis;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weston_event.value = wl_fixed_to_double(value);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<@\textcolor{green!80!black}{\texttt{+\,\,\,\, weston\_event.has\_discrete = false;}}@>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (axis == WL_POINTER_AXIS_VERTICAL_SCROLL &&
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
input->vert.has_discrete) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Les étapes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Faire la modification
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Tester normalement
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Commiter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Appliquer la modification sous forme de patch
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ devtool update-recipe weston
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[...]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Adding new patch 0001-Fix-an-uninitialized-variable.patch
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Updating recipe weston_2.0.0.bb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Ajouter la modification dans son layer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% L'ajout d'un bbappend dans meta-meetup
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% Supprimer l'ajout de meta/recipes-graphics/wayland/weston_2.0.0.bb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% Le déplacement du patch dans meta-meetup
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Arrêter devtool
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ devtool reset weston
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dans le cas où vous modifiez déjà une recette avec un bbappend, je vous conseil d'extraire les patchs à la main:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ cd $POKY/build/workspace/sources/weston/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ git format patch -<nb_patch>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Il ne reste plus qu'a copier ces patch dans la recette et d'ajouter dans le bbappend avec:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FILESEXTRAPATHS_prepend := "${THISDIR}/${PN}:"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SRC_URI += "file://000X-mon-patch.patch"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Déployer directement vos modifications sur cible}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Exemple pour deployer directement ses modifications sur cible}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Après modification de source avec devtool il est possible de déployer ces modification directement sur une cible avec:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ devtool deploy-target <recette> <user@cible>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
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La cible doit disposer d'un serveur ssh. \newline
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\newline
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Attention, devtool n'envoit pas un paquet mais le résultat de la recette, donc pas besoin d'un \texttt{package-management} sur cible.\\
|
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Une fois votre mise au point terminée vous pouvez supprimer tous les fichiers ajoutés par votre recette la commande:
|
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|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
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$ devtool undeploy-target <recette> <user@cible>
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\end{lstlisting}
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\end{frame}
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% *******************************
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|
% **** OUTILS OPKG et IPK ****
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% *******************************
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\section{\texttt{opkg} et \texttt{ipk}}
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\begin{frame}
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\tableofcontents[currentsection,hideallsubsections]
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{center}
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\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Exemple de l'utilisation des l'outils \texttt{opkg} et \texttt{ipk}}}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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\subsection{\texttt{opkg} un gestionnaire de paquets}
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\begin{frame}{\texttt{opkg} est un gestionnaire de paquets}
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\texttt{opkg} est gestionnaire de paquet tout comme apt l'est pour les distribution hérité de Debian.\newline
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\newline
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Les commandes de base:
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\begin{description}
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\item[\texttt{opkg update}] Mettre à jour la list des paquets
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\item[\texttt{opkg upgrade <pkgs>}] Mettre à jour un paquet
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\item[\texttt{opkg install <pkgs|url>}] Installer un paquet
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\item[\texttt{opkg remove <pkgs>}] Supprimer un paquet
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\end{description}
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\end{frame}
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\subsection{Créer son propre serveur de paquet}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{Créer son propre serveur \texttt{opkg}}
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Pour créer son serveur opkg il suffit d'avoir un sereur http.\newline
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On peut le crée simplement avec python en remplaçant les variable par leur valeur :
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|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
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|
$ cd ${POKY}/build/tmp/deploy/ipk
|
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|
|
$ ${NATIVE_SDK_BINS}/usr/bin/python-native/python -m SimpleHTTPServer ${IPK_SERVER_PORT}
|
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|
\end{lstlisting}
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|
Avec python3:
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|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
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|
|
$ cd ${POKY}/build/tmp/deploy/ipk
|
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|
$ ${NATIVE_SDK_BINS}/usr/bin/python-native/python3 -m http.server ${IPK_SERVER_PORT}
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|
\end{lstlisting}
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\end{frame}
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|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Définir le serveur \texttt{opkg} sur cible}
|
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|
Ajouter ces lignes dans le fichier \texttt{opkg.conf} en remplaçant les variable correspondante par leur valeur:
|
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|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell,xleftmargin=-18px,xrightmargin=-18px]
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|
|
src/gz all http://ipk-server:${IPK_SERVER_PORT}/all
|
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|
src/gz ${MACHINE_ARCH} http://ipk-server:${IPK_SERVER_PORT}/${MACHINE_ARCH}
|
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|
src/gz ${MACHINE_SOCARCH} http://ipk-server:${IPK_SERVER_PORT}/${MACHINE_SOCARCH}
|
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|
src/gz ${TUNE_PKGARCH} http://ipk-server:${IPK_SERVER_PORT}/${TUNE_PKGARCH}
|
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|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
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|
|
\textcolor{gray}{\tiny{Recette opkg}}
|
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|
|
\newline
|
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|
|
Ajouter dans \texttt{/etc/hosts} le serveur:
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
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|
|
${IP_HOST} ipk-server
|
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|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
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|
|
\textcolor{gray}{\tiny{Recette netbase}}
|
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|
\end{frame}
|
|
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|
|
% *******************************
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% **** OUTILS DIVERS ****
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% *******************************
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{Outils et commandes diverses}
|
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|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\tableofcontents[currentsection,hideallsubsections]
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
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|
\begin{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Quelques outils et commandes diverses qui peuvent intéresser}}
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
\subsection{La plus puissante option}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{environnement}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pour connaitre l'état de n'importe quelle recette et quelle variable est compléter par quel fichier de recette, l'option \texttt{-e} est le plus puissant.\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake <recipe> -e
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
La sortie est assez velue, il vaut mieux l'ouvrir dans un éditeur comme:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake <recipe> -e | vim -
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{devshell}
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{environnement}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Si vous souhaitez tester des commandes dans un environnement de cross compilation, l'option \texttt{devshell} est l'outils qu'il faut:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake <recipe> -c devshell
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{defconfig}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{defconfig}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ajouter un fichier de configuration.\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pour la plupart des paquets la gestion de yocto reconnais les defconfig. Il faut ajouter dans un bbappend pour dans une recette maitrisé:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FILESEXTRAPATHS:prepend := "${THISDIR}/${PN}:"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SRC_URI += "file://defconfig"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{savedefconfig}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ajouter une option de configuration à un paquet facilement.\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ceci fonctionne si vous avez le defconfig dans votre layer.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Ajouter une config
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake linux-fslc -c menuconfig
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Tester
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Générer le nouveau defconfig
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake linux-fslc -c savedefconfig
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Remplacer le defconfig par sa génération
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{diffconfig}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ajouter une option de configuration à un paquet facilement.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Ajouter une config
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake linux-fslc -c menuconfig
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Tester
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Extraire la configuration et ses dépendances mutualisé
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake linux-fslc -c diffconfig
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
linux-fslc-4.10-r0 do_diffconfig: Config fragment has been dumped into:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/home/user/yocto/build/tmp/work/archi/linux-fslc/4.10-r0/fragment.cfg
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item Ajouter le fragment à la recette
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FILESEXTRAPATHS_prepend := "${THISDIR}/${PN}:"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SRC_URI += "file://myfragment.cfg"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\textcolor{gray}{\tiny{Après la génération du diffconfig il faut ajouter l'option à la recette car elle est retiré du config}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Compiler le plus loin possible}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Compilation}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Si vous souhaitez compiler une image le plus loin possible après une erreur:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ bitbake <image> -k
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{oe-pkgdata-util}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Quel parquet embarque quoi comme ficher}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lister les fichier contenue dans un paquet:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ oe-pkgdata-util list-pkg-files <recipe>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trouver quel paquet fournis quel fichier:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ oe-pkgdata-util find-path /etc/opkg/pokg.conf
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{buildhistory}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{buildhistory}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Buildhistory fourni un ensemble de détails sur le contenue des paquets, leur dépendances, et leur inclusion dans une image.\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ajouter dans \texttt{conf/local.conf}:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INHERIT += "buildhistory"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "1"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Le résultat se situe dans le dossier de build dans \texttt{buildhistory}.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\subsection{autocompletion}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Autocompletion}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pour faciliter le développement l'autocompletion est plus confortable.\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Il existe des projets, mais qui date un peut...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\url{https://github.com/sergioprado/bitbake-bash-completion}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\url{https://github.com/lukaszgard/bitbake-completion}\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Il faut copier les fichier dans:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{lstlisting}[style=shell]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/bash_completion.d/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Suivez les instructions des dépôts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% *******************************
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% **** CONCLUSION ****
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% *******************************
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section*{Questions}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}{Sources}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ce document à été rédigé à partir des sources suivantes:\newline
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item \url{www.yoctoproject.org}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\item \url{www.linuxembedded.fr}
|
|
|
|
|
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\item \url{https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/additional-software/opkg}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\centering
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\textcolor{orange}{\huge{Merci de votre attention !}}
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\textcolor[RGB]{99,153,253}{Quetions ?}
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\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{logos/smile-logo.png}
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Mickaël Tansorier
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\url{mickael.tansorier@smile.fr}
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\url{mickael@tansorier.fr}
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\vfill
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\textcolor{gray}{\tiny{GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3}}
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\end{frame}
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\end{document}
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